Mejora de la estadística de mortalidad por suicidio en Tarragona (Cataluña, España) entre 2004 y 2012 / Improving suicide mortality statistics in Tarragona (Catalonia, Spain) between 2004-2012

Introducción: La vigilancia y prevención de la conducta suicida requiere, entre otros datos, conocer con precisión las muertes por suicidio (MPS). Frecuentemente existe una infradeclaración o mala clasificación de las MPS en las estadísticas oficiales de mortalidad. El objetivo del estudio es analizar la infradeclaración de la estadística de mortalidad por suicidio en Tarragona (Cataluña, España). Material y métodos: Análisis de las MPS ocurridas en la División de Tarragona del Institut de Medicina Legal i Ciències Forenses de Catalunya (DT-IMLCFC) entre los años 2004 y 2012. Las fuentes de información fueron el fichero de defunciones del Registre de Mortalitat de Catalunya (RMC) y el archivo de autopsias del DT-IMLCFC. Se compararon estadísticamente las tasas y las características demográficas de las MPS declaradas en el RMC y las recuperadas. Resultados: La media de casos no declarados en el período fue del 16,2%, con el mínimo en el año 2005 (2,2%) y el máximo en el año 2009 (26,8%). La tasa bruta de mortalidad por suicidio pasó de 6,6 por 100.000 habitantes a 7,9 por 100.000 habitantes tras la incorporación de los datos forenses. Se detectaron diferencias poco importantes en el perfil sociodemográfico de los suicidios declarados inicialmente y los definitivos, excepto en el método de suicidio, con un aumento significativo de los envenenamientos y los arrollamientos en vía férrea. Conclusiones: La recuperación de datos en las MPS a partir de las fuentes forenses mejora la información estadística, corrigiendo su infradeclaración y ampliando el conocimiento sobre el método de suicidio y las características personales

Introduction: Monitoring and preventing suicidal behaviour requires, among other data, knowing suicide deaths precisely. They often appear under-reported or misclassified in the official mortality statistics. The aim of this study is to analyse the under-reporting found in the suicide mortality statistics of Tarragona (a province of Catalonia, Spain). Method and materials: The analysis takes into account all suicide deaths that occurred in the Tarragona Area of the Catalan Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences (TA-CILMFS) between 2004 and 2012. The sources of information were the death data files of the Catalan Mortality Register, as well as the Autopsies Files of the TA-CILMFS. Suicide rates and socio-demographic profiles were statistically compared between the suicide initially reported and the final one. Results: The mean percentage of non-reported cases in the period was 16.2%, with a minimum percentage of 2.2% in 2005 and a maximum of 26.8% in 2009. The crude mortality rate by suicide rose from 6.6 to 7.9 per 100,000 inhabitants once forensic data were incorporated. Small differences were detected between the socio-demographic profile of the suicide initially reported and the final one. Supplementary information was obtained on the suicide method, which revealed a significant increase in poisoning and suicides involving trains. Conclusions: An exhaustive review of suicide deaths data from forensic sources has led to an improvement in the under-reported statistical information. It also improves the knowledge of the method of suicide and personal characteristics

Improving suicide mortality statistics in Tarragona (Catalonia, Spain) between 2004-2012. / Mejora de la estadística de mortalidad por suicidio en Tarragona (Cataluña, España) entre 2004 y 2012.

INTRODUCTION: Monitoring and preventing suicidal behaviour requires, among other data, knowing suicide deaths precisely. They often appear under-reported or misclassified in the official mortality statistics. The aim of this study is to analyse the under-reporting found in the suicide mortality statistics of Tarragona (a province of Catalonia, Spain). METHOD AND MATERIALS: The analysis takes into account all suicide deaths that occurred in the Tarragona Area of the Catalan Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences (TA-CILMFS) between 2004 and 2012. The sources of information were the death data files of the Catalan Mortality Register, as well as the Autopsies Files of the TA-CILMFS. Suicide rates and socio-demographic profiles were statistically compared between the suicide initially reported and the final one. RESULTS: The mean percentage of non-reported cases in the period was 16.2%, with a minimum percentage of 2.2% in 2005 and a maximum of 26.8% in 2009. The crude mortality rate by suicide rose from 6.6 to 7.9 per 100,000 inhabitants once forensic data were incorporated. Small differences were detected between the socio-demographic profile of the suicide initially reported and the final one. Supplementary information was obtained on the suicide method, which revealed a significant increase in poisoning and suicides involving trains. CONCLUSIONS: An exhaustive review of suicide deaths data from forensic sources has led to an improvement in the under-reported statistical information. It also improves the knowledge of the method of suicide and personal characteristics.